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Carpet-making begins with evenly tensioned warp threads on a loom for symmetry. A selvedge, woven with weft threads, forms a firm edge for knotting.

The two main knot types are:

• Ghiordes (Turkish Knot): Knots wrap two warp threads, followed by weft compression and trimming to create the pile.
• Senneh (Persian Knot): Wool wraps one warp thread, looping behind another for intricate designs.

These refined techniques ensure Persian carpets are durable and exquisite.